The Dance of Change

The Challenges of Sustaining Momentum in Learning Organization

Peter M. Senge, Art Kleiner, Charlotte Roberts, Richard Ross, George Roth, Bryan Smith

Publisher: Nicholas Brealey, 1999, 596 pages

ISBN: 1-85788-243-1

Keywords: Knowledge Management

Last modified: July 14, 2024, 11:48 a.m.

Since Peter Senge published his groundbreaking book The Fifth Discipline, he and his associates have frequently been asked by the business community: "How do we go beyond the first steps of corporate change? How do we sustain momentum?” They know that companies and organizations cannot thrive today without learning to adapt their attitudes and practices. But companies that establish change initiatives discover, after initial success, that even the most promising efforts to transform or revitalize organizations—despite interest, resources, and compelling business results can fail to sustain themselves over time. That's because organizations have complex, well-developed immune systems, aimed at preserving the status quo.

Now, drawing upon new theories about leadership and the long-term success of change initiatives, and based upon twenty-five years of experience building learning organizations, the authors of The Fifth Discipline Fieldbook show how to accelerate success and avoid the obstacles that can stall momentum. The Dance of Change, written for managers and executives at every level of an organization, reveals how business leaders can work together to anticipate the challenges that profound change will ultimately force the organization to face. Then, in a down-to-earth and compellingly clear format, readers will learn how to build the personal and organizational capabilities needed to meet those challenges.

These challenges are not imposed from the outside; they are the product of assumptions and practices that people take for granted, an inherent, natural part of the processes of change. And they can stop innovation cold, unless managers at all levels learn to anticipate them and recognize the hidden rewards in each challenge, and the potential to spur further growth. Within the frequently encountered challenge of "Not Enough Time,” for example—the lack of control over time available for innovation and learning initiatives — lies a valuable opportunity to reframe the way people organize their workplaces.

This book identifies universal challenges (that organizations ultimately find themselves confronting, including "Fear and Anxiety”; the need to diffuse learning across organizational boundaries; the ways in which assumptions built in to corporate measurement systems can handcuff learning initiatives; and the almost unavoidable misunderstandings between "true believers"” and nonbelievers in a company.

Filled with individual and team exercises, in-depth accounts of sustaining learning initiatives by managers and leaders in the field, and well-tested practical advice, The Dance of Change provides an insider's perspective on implementing learning and change initiatives at such corporations as British Petroleum, Chrysler, Dupont, Ford, General Electric, Harley-Davidson, Hewlett Packard, Mitsubishi Electric, Royal Dutch/Shell, Shell Oil Company, Toyota, the United States Army, and Xerox. It offers crucial advice for line-level managers, executive leaders, internal networkers, educators, and others who are struggling to put change initiatives into practice.

  • Getting Started
    1. Orientation
      1. Towards an Atlas of Organizational Change
      2. The Life Cycle of Typical Change Initiatives
      3. The Leadership of Profound Change
      4. The Challenges of Profound Change
      5. How to read This Book
    2. Generating Profound Change
      1. Establishing a Pilot Group
      2. The Growth Processes of Profound Change
      3. Rethinking Time
      4. Limits Ahead
  • The Challenges of Initiating
    1. Not Enough Time
      1. The Challenge
      2. Culture Change at General Electric
      3. Five Ways to Create Time
      4. Minimal Intervention
      5. Barking and Nonbarking Dogs
      6. Managing a Practice Field
      7. Integrating Work and Personal Life … in Practice
    2. No Help (Coaching and Support)
      1. The Challenge
      2. From Golf to Polo
      3. A Cadre of Coaches
      4. Climbing Out of the Muck
      5. Precepts for Mentors
      6. A Strategy for Building Competence
      7. Five Kinds of Systems Thinking
      8. Aikido for Change Leaders
      9. Music, Listening, and Freedom
    3. Not Relevant
      1. The Challenge
      2. The Case for Change at Visteon
      3. "What Are We Doing This For?"
      4. A Light Touch and a Long View
      5. The Pinecone Strategy
      6. Learning What We're Worth
      7. Open-Book Management
      8. After Fixing the Crisis
      9. The History Map
      10. Four Futures for a Change Initiative
      11. Practicing Relevance
    4. Walking the Talk
      1. The Challenge
      2. The Executive Leader's Perspective
      3. How to "Walk the Talk" Without Falling Off a Cliff
      4. "…As one of the first black engineers in South Africa …"
      5. "How Are We Hindering Our Management?"
      6. Reflections for an Executive Leader
  • The Challenges of Sustaining Transformation
    1. Fear and Anxiety
      1. The Challenge
      2. Gray Stamps
      3. Unilateral Control
      4. When Good People Do Terrible Things
      5. A Safe Place for "Not Knowing"
      6. Heroic Modes
      7. Unraveling the Knots from Your "Family of Origin"
      8. Beyond "Winners and Lasers"
    2. Assessment and Measurement
      1. The Challenge
      2. Moving Upstream from Measurement
      3. Measuring to Report … or to Learn
      4. Cracking the "Black Box" of a Learning Initiative Assessment
      5. Performance Dashboards
    3. True Believers and Nonbelievers
      1. The Challenge
      2. How to Set the Stage for a Change in Organizational Culture
      3. Infectious Commitment
      4. Heretical Tactics
      5. The Perils of Shared Ideals
  • The Challenges of Redesigning and Rethinking
    1. Governance
      1. The Challenge
      2. Community of Companies
      3. Interdependence at Shell
      4. From Control to Clarity
      5. Visa International
      6. "Learning Shareholders…"
      7. Cultural Due Diligence
      8. Redesigning an Airplane in Midflight
    2. Diffusion
      1. The Challenge
      2. The Organizational Learning Cycle
      3. BP's Pacesetter Nerwork
      4. The School for Managing
      5. Bootstrap Principles
      6. On-line Engagement
      7. Learning Histories
      8. A "World-Class" Reflective Practice Field
      9. What are "Communities of Practice"?
      10. Watershed Events
    3. Strategy and Purpose
      1. The Challenge
      2. Managing the Horizon
      3. Asking Big Questions
      4. Scenarios for Changing the World
      5. Strategy as Conversation
      6. Strategic Transformation at Royal Dutch/Shell
      7. Sustainable Innovation
      8. After the Rainforest
      9. Electricity for All
      10. Conscious Oversight
  • Endnotes
    1. Leadership in the World of the Living
    2. Acknowledgements
    3. About the Authors
    4. How to Get in Touch with the Creators of this Book